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Earth continues to weaken from human activity

Author

Windspeaker Staff

Volume

26

Issue

6

Year

2008

There is no doubt the world will be a different place in 500 years, however some scientists are suggesting that this generation should prepare for it now. New findings released in Nature Geoscience have suggested that the frozen artic soil holds quite a bit more greenhouse gases than previously anticipated, which can severely speed up the global warming process.
After 13 years of studying the arctic, Chien-Liu Ping and a research team from the University of Alaska, Fairbanks have estimated that there is possibly 100 billion tons of carbon just in the first meter of soil. These numbers actually double previous estimations on the land. Furthermore, these numbers equal 10 years worth of global emissions from human activity.
Currently, the carbon-laden soil is dormant for now in the permafrost of the Arctic. That will not always be the case as scientists have already reported changes in the climate, and as a result - changes to the environment. Dying trees, deteriorating highways, landslides and sinkholes, which are signs of climate change, have increased. What is more troubling is the fact that the permafrost is noticeably melting.
Already established wildlife are feeling the change as well. Habitats are either growing or shrinking exponentially. Walrus's are forced to travel further and dive deeper to gather food to sustain them. Grizzlies are waking from their hibernation earlier, which in turn forces their prey to survive for longer periods. Inuit have reported changes in the distribution of wolves, musk, oxen, and rabbits. They've also noticed new species such as robins, barn swallows, red foxes, sand flies, salmon, and herring-the names for some of which weren't even in their language.
"Permafrost temperatures in Alaska have gone up about one degree centigrade over the last 50 years," Ping said, pushing soils to within a fraction of a degree of freezing temperature. "In Russia, they've been monitoring permafrost for over a century. It has warmed two degrees Centigrade, so almost five degrees Fahrenheit."
Many scientists report that substantial, widespread changes will obviously not be felt or noticed immediately. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has stated that in a worst-case scenario, arctic temperatures could climb by six degrees at the end of the century, at most. It is the long run that has experts concerned. The year 2400 or even 2500 would dramatically illustrate the effects.
However, other scientists have gone as far as to suggest that the warming process may not be entirely negative. In theory, warmer temperatures would encourage plants to grow more rapidly, and through photosynthesis absorb large amounts of the carbon. Perhaps even so much to the point that it would completely remove the threat of greenhouse gas emissions from the soil in question.
Due to the inhospitable climate, gathering definitive measures of the soil, as well as long-term results are a difficult task, and in many cases reports are from an educated guess, or computer simulations.